Habitat:
Cornus mas is native to central and southern Europe as well as parts of western Asia. It is found in dry deciduous forests and brushlands.
Cornus mas shows high adaptation, but it grows best in the humus-rich, limey soils of the lowlands and rolling hills, which are rich in nutritive elements. It can grow in sandy, loamy, or clay soil, as well as acid, neutral, and basic soils. Further, the Cornus mas can grow in semi-shade or no shade and can tolerate strong winds.
Origin, history, and uses:
A member of the dogwood family, the Cornelian cherry is native to central and southern Europe and parts of western Asia. The ancient Greeks and Romans used it to produce lance shafts, and the bark has traditionally been used to make tool handles, spokes, and ladder rungs, while it is known primarily as an ornamental plant in the U.S. now. Its cherry-like fruits have been used to make syrup, jelly, jams, wine, and baked goods and have been consumed for thousands of years.
Cornelian cherries have been known to live and be fruitful for more than 100 years. This small, shrub-like tree can grow up to 15-20 feet.
The Cornelian cherry was considered an important medicinal plant for centuries. It is a good source of anthocyanins and can be a good source of vitamin C.
Phenology:
The flowering period is between January and April, although it usually occurs in late March. The flowers are known to usually be present in the first three weeks of winter. Fuits develop to their matured forms in mid-summer. Dokoupil and Řeznicek (2012) found there to be P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn, as well as vitamin C and pectin in the fruits.
